Renal polycystic disease is a hereditary disease in which two cysts of different sizes are found in both kidneys. Between the cysts there are areas with a kidney -saved cloth. The mechanism of cystic fomination is not clarified. It is assumed that during embryonic development, many of the glomerular tubules have defects, the accumulated primary urine expands them and cysts appear.
The disease develops gradually. Growing cysts press on dense renal tissue and damage it. The kidneys are enlarged and can be felt through the abdominal part of the body.
Clinical picture.
Typically, the disease manifests itself at the age of 35-45 years with stupid ulcerative pain, less often due to blood in the urine, the presence of kidney stones. Gradually developing renal failure develops. The disease is often combined with cystic fibrosis and other pathologies of organs - liver, lungs, pancreas, ovary.
There is still no effective treatment of renal polycystic disease. With progressive renal failure, dialysis treatment is used. To control increased blood pressure, antihypertensive drugs and the treatment of urinary tract infection are used. If necessary, a kidney transplant is shown.
The forecast is unfavorable.
A single cyst, filled with transparent liquid or blood, can also form in the kidneys. When such a cyst develops, it causes severe pain. It is usually treated with surgical removal. The forecast of a single renal cyst is good.
Amyloidosis is a specific disease of protein-carb metabolism, which is characterized by amyloid sediments in various organs, mainly in renal glomeruli. Primary amyloidosis can manifest itself for no apparent reason; Chronic infectious diseases (bronchiectasis, tuberculosis, chronic abscess, osteomyelitis, etc.) cause secondary amyloidosis. Both types are based on a violation of metabolism. Amyloid as a substance consists of proteins, carbohydrates and fats and has a filamentary structure and is deposited in the glomeruli of the kidneys. At first, the kidney increases its size, and in the later stages there is renal sclerosis.
Clinical picture
The disease manifests itself after three years from development. Before that, there are no visible signs. The first diagnostic feature is the appearance of protein in the urine. At the next stage, swelling of the legs develops, the liquid is collected in the pleural and abdominal cavities. Patients feel weak and become anemic. Amyloid begins to accumulate in other organs. The language is increased, joint pain is found, sometimes blood pressure increases. Gradually observed renal failure, which progresses and ends with severe uremia.
Treatment consists in avoiding the use of salt and the use of medicines - colchicin and dimethyl sulfoxide. With primary amyloidosis, antimalarial drugs are also used.
The prevention of secondary amyloidosis lies in the timely and complete treatment of chronic diseases that cause it.
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